Q3. Answer the following questions in one sentence:
a. The act of voluntarily giving a blood transfusion is called blood donation.
b. Amoeba get rid of body waste through a process called diffusion.
c. The phase of relaxation of heart muscles during a heartbeat is called diastole.
d. A crystalline waste product found in the leaves and stems of plants like rhubarb and water hyacinth is calcium oxalate.
Q4. Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences:
a.
- Haematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine, which may indicate a urinary tract infection or kidney issues.
- Dysuria refers to painful or difficult urination, often caused by infections or inflammation in the urinary tract.
b.
The urethra in the human body is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In males, it also serves as a passage for semen during ejaculation.
Q5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences:
a.
Three situations that may require a blood transfusion are:
- Severe blood loss due to surgery or injury.
- Anemia, is where the body lacks enough red blood cells to carry oxygen efficiently.
- Cancer treatments that damage or reduce red blood cells, require a transfusion to restore healthy levels.
b.
- (i) If the temperature increases, the rate of transpiration increases because warmer air holds more moisture, causing plants to lose water faster.
- (ii) If humidity increases, transpiration decreases because the air is already saturated with moisture, making it harder for water to evaporate from the leaves.
- (iii) If the wind speed decreases, transpiration slows down because less air movement means less evaporation of water from the plant’s surface.