Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks to complete the statements. Justify the statements.
a. While working with a computer we can read the information stored in its memory and perform other actions in RAM memory.
Justification: RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory used for temporarily storing data that the computer is actively using.
b. While presenting pictures and videos about the works of scientists, we can use presentation software (e.g., PowerPoint).
Justification: Presentation software allows integration of multimedia elements for effective communication.
c. To draw graphs based on the quantitative information obtained in an experiment, one uses spreadsheet software (e.g., Excel).
Justification: Spreadsheet software has graphing tools to visualize numerical data.
d. The first generation computers used to shut down because of overheating.
Justification: They used vacuum tubes which generated excessive heat.
e. A computer will not work unless electricity/power is supplied to it.
Justification: Computers are electronic devices that require a power source to function.
2. Answer the following questions.
a. Explain the role and importance of information communication in science and technology.
Answer: Information communication enables sharing of scientific discoveries, collaboration among researchers, dissemination of knowledge, and acceleration of technological advancements.
b. Which application software in the computer system did you find useful while studying science, and how?
Answer: Spreadsheet software (like Excel) is useful for data analysis, creating graphs, and performing calculations in experiments.
c. How does a computer work?
Answer: A computer works by accepting input, processing it using the CPU and memory, storing data, and producing output through various devices.
d. What precautions should be taken while using various types of software on the computer?
Answer: Use licensed software, keep it updated, avoid downloading from untrusted sources, back up data regularly, and use antivirus protection.
e. Which are the various devices used in information communication? How are they used in the context of science?
Answer: Devices include computers, smartphones, projectors, and the internet. They are used for research, simulations, data sharing, virtual labs, and presentations in science.
3. Using a spreadsheet, draw graphs between distance and time, using the information about the movements of Amar, Akbar and Anthony given in the table on page 4, in the lesson on Laws of Motion. What precautions will you take while drawing the graph?
Answer: Precautions include: labeling axes correctly, choosing appropriate scale, using consistent units, plotting points accurately, and adding a title.
4. Explain the differences between the different generations of computers. How did science contribute to these developments?
Answer: Differences are in hardware (vacuum tubes → transistors → ICs → microprocessors), speed, size, and efficiency. Science contributed through advancements in electronics, material science, and semiconductor technology.
5. What devices will you use to share with others the knowledge that you have?
Answer: Devices like computers, smartphones, projectors, and online platforms (email, social media, video conferencing tools).
6. Using information communication technology, prepare powerpoint presentations on at least three topics in your textbook. Make a flowchart of the steps you used while making these presentations.
Answer: Flowchart steps: 1) Choose topic 2) Research and collect information 3) Organize content 4) Design slides 5) Add visuals/media 6) Review and edit 7) Save and present.
7. Which technical difficulties did you face while using the computer? What did you do to overcome them?
Answer: Difficulties may include slow performance, software crashes, or connectivity issues. Solutions: restart computer, update software, check connections, or seek technical help.